在职称英语2014年考试中，文章《Approach to understanding Intelligences》同时在综合C、综合B、理工C、理工B、卫生C、卫生B五门考试的阅读理解部分出现，所出题目完全相同。
文章《The worker’s Role in Management》同时在综合B以及卫生B的考试阅读理解部分出现，所出题目完全相同。
文章《A New Strategy to overcome Breast Cancer》同时在综合A、理工A和卫生A考试的阅读理解部分出现，所出题目完全相同。
文章《Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a Glance》同时出现在理工B和理工A考试的阅读理解部分出现，所出题目完全相同。
从考试的出题情况我们可以得出这样的结论：
1.同一篇文章可能够跨ABC级别来考，文章会向上或者向下跨一级；
2.同一篇文章可能够跨综合、理工、卫生类别来考；
3.同一篇文章可能既跨类别又跨级别来考；
这给我们复习重要的启示：
1.做模拟测试题时，不要太注重其内容，因为文章会跨类别考；（注：复习教材重点文章时当然与这样的情况不同，一定要注重教材重点文章内容，因为15年考试中可能会出现原文）
2.注意难度，因为文章会向上或者向下跨一级。因此C级不必复习A级的文章，因为不会考，同样A级不用看C级的文章，同样因为不会考；
综上所述，按照考试出题的情况，请大家别再纠结于测试题中为什么没有我这个类别这个级别的文章，只要是你这个级别的文章，无论是哪个类别（综合理工卫生），对你的复习都是完全适用的。高于你的级别一级，或者低于你的级别一级，对你的复习也都是完全适用的。
教研老师在有限的直播时间中，给大家讲的是和考试最接近的题目和文章。所以请大家集中注意力听讲，抓住老师所讲的答题技巧和方法。这是直播最主要的目的。
综合B
第三篇 “Salty” Rice Plant Boosts Harvests
British scientists are breeding a new generation of rice plants that will be able to grow in soil containing salt water. Their work may enable abandoned farms to become productive once more.
Tim Flowers and Tony Yeo, from Sussex University’s School of Biological Sciences, have spent several years researching how crops, such as rice, could be made to grow in water that has become salty.
The pair have recently begun a three-year programme, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, to establish which genes enable some plants to survive salty conditions. The aim is to breed this capability into crops, starting with rice.
It is estimated that each year more than 100 hectares (公顷) of agricultural land are lost because salt gets into the soil and stunts (妨碍生长)plants. The problem is caused by several factors. In the tropics, mangroves (红树林) that create swamps (沼泽) and traditionally formed barriers to sea water have been cut down. In the Mediterranean, a series of droughts have caused the water table to drop, allowing sea water to seep (渗透) in. in Latin America, irrigation often causes problems when water is evaporated (蒸发) by the heat, leaving salt deposits behind.
Excess salt then enters the plants and prevents them functioning normally. Heavy concentrations of minerals in the plants stop them drawing up the water they need to survive.
To overcome these problems, Flowers and Yeo decided to breed rice plants that take in very little salt and store what they do absorb in cells that do not affect the plants’ growth. They have started to breed these characteristics into a new rice crop, but it will take about eight harvests before the resulting seeds are ready to be considered for commercial use.
Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known, Flowers and Yeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops and plants. Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able to bloom again, providing much needed food in the poorer countries of the world.
41Which of the following statements about Flowers and Yeo is true?
AThey are students at Sussex University.
BThey are rice breeders.
CThey are husband and wife
DThey are colleagues at an institution of higher learning.
42Flowers and Yeo have started a programme
Ato find ways to prevent water pollution.
Bto identify genes that promote growth in salty soil.
Cto breed rice plants that taste salty.
Dto find ways to remove excessive salt from soil.
43 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a cause of the problem discussed in the passage?
ANatural barriers to sea water have been destroyed.
BThe water table has gone down after droughts.
CSea level has been continuously rising.
DEvaporation of water leaves salt behind.
44The word “affect” in Paragraph 6 could be best replaced by
A“influence”
B“effect”
C“stop”
D“present”
45The attitude of the author towards the research project is
Apositive
Bnegative.
Csuspicious
Dindifferent.
参考答案：41D42B43C44A45A
综合A
第三篇 New Foods and the New World
In the last 500 years, nothing about people – not their clothes, ideas, or languages – has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the coca tree (可可树)by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world during the 1500’s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today.
The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soon was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine(饥荒)” of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.
There are many other foods that have traveled from South America to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the world’s largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arab during the 1400’s.
According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person name Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake” feeling that one-third of the world’s population now starts the day with.
41According to the passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years?
A.Food
B.Clothing
C.Ideology.
D.Language.
42“Some” in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to
A.some cocoa trees.
B.some chocolate drinks.
C.some shops.
D.some south American Indians.
43Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine” because
A.they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else.
B.they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America.
C.the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes.
D.the potato harvest was bad.
44Which country is the largest coffee producer?
A.Brazil.
B.Colombia.
C.Ethiopia.
D.Egypt.
45Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage?
A.One third of the world’s population drinks coffee.
B.Coffee is native to Colombia.
C.Coffee can keep one awake.
D.Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs.
参考答案： 41A42C43D44A45B
卫生 A级
第二篇Chronic Diseases: The World’s Leading Killer
Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. Yet health experts say these conditions are often the most preventable. Chronic diseases include heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes(糖尿病)and lung disorders.
The World Health Organization says chronic diseases lead to about seventeen million early deaths each year. This United Nations agency expects more than three hundred eighty million people to die of chronic diseases by two thousand fifteen. It says about eighty percent of the deaths will happen in developing nations.
The WHO says chronic diseases now cause two-thirds of all deaths in the Asia-Pacific area. In ten years it could be almost three-fourths. People are getting sick in their most economically productive years. In fact, experts say chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people in poorer countries than in wealthier ones.
The WHO estimates that chronic diseases will cost China alone more than five hundred thousand million dollars in the next ten years. That estimate represents the costs of medical treatment and lost productivity. Russia and India are also expected to face huge economic losses.
Kim Hak-Su is the head of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific Last week in Bangkok he presented a WHO report on the problem. It says deaths from chronic diseases have increased largely as the result of economic gains in many countries.
The report details the latest findings from nine countries. They include Brazil, Britain, Canada, China ,India and Nigeria. The others are Pakistan, Russia and Tanzania.
Mister Kim says infectious and parasitic(寄生的)diseases have until recently been the main killers in Asia and the Pacific. But he says they are no longer the major cause of death in most countries.
Health officials say as many as eighty percent of deaths from chronic diseases could be prevented. They say an important tool for governments is to restrict the marketing of alcohol and tobacco to young people. Also, more programs are needed to urge healthy eating and more physical activity.
UN officials aim through international action to reduce chronic-disease deaths by two percent each year through two thousand fifteen. They say meeting that target could save thirty-six million lives. That includes twenty-five million in Asia and the Pacific.
36. How many people in developing countries will probably die of chronic diseases by 2015?
A. More than 17 million.
B. More than 380 million.
C. More than 304 million.
D. More than 25 million.
37. Due to chronic diseases China will have to face
A. great pressure from other countries.
B. a limited economic market.
C. a shortage of the labor force.
D. huge economic losses.
38. Which can NOT be learned from the passage?
A. Many chronic-disease deaths are preventable.
B. Chronic diseases are the major cause of death in most countries.
C. Chronic diseases are killing more middle-aged people than elderly people.
D. Economic gains in many countries have contributed to chronic-disease deaths.
39. Until recently the main killers in Asia and the Pacific have been
A. economic gains.
B. lost productivity.
C. chronic diseases.
D . infectious and parasitic diseases.
40. Which is NOT mentioned as a way to prevent chronic-disease deaths?
A. Timely medical treatment.
B. Healthy eating.
C. More physical activity.
D. Reduction in drinking and smoking.
参考答案： 36C37D38C39D40A
理工B
第二篇 Credit Card Only Works When Spoken to
A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner’s voice could become an important
weapon in the fight against fraud(欺骗)．
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in Voice-recognition chip．The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone else’s credit card details to buy goods online．
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica，California，represents the first
attempt to pack a microphone。a loudspeaker，a battery and a voice?recognition chip into a standard．sized credit card．They are not quite there yet：the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card，but it is still about three times as thick．The company now plans to make it thinner．
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in online transactions This earlier card has no microphone，but has a built?in loudspeaker that it uses to “squawk”(发出叫声)a voice ID signal via a computer’s microphone to an online server．By verifying(证实)that the signal matches the card details，the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand．The ID code
changes each time the card is used in a pre—ordered sequence that only the server knows．
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps，noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards The new one can The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk．but it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate(合法的)user’s spoken password Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owner’s voice with a high degree of accuracy
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that Can be powered by a mini battery embedded(嵌入的)in a credit card．To maximize battery life, the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used．Pressing a button on the card’s surface prompts it to utter “Say your password ”in female voice If the voice—recognition software proves that the password is authentic(真实的)，it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies, allowing the transaction to proceed
36 The voice credit card is an important invention because
A it can be made cost-effectively．
B it can leave voice messages，
C it makes online shopping easy
D it makes fraud difficult．
37 What is the problem with the model card?
A It is too large．
B It is toot hick
C It can’t be used in online transactions
D It doesn’t have a loudspeaker．
38 Which of the following statements about the earlier card is true?
A Its owner can change the ID code freely
B Its user does not need to key in the ID number．
C It can record its user’s spoken password．
D It still can be used by someone else after being stolen．
39 What is the advantage of the new voice card?
A It recognizes only its owner’s spoken password．
B It doesn’t need to work with an online server
C It requires less ID information．
D It has a playback function
40 What can we learn from the last paragraph about the voice card?
A Only female voice passwords could be recognized．
B Further improvement should be made to extend battery life
C There is no limit to its application．
D Female customers like to use it
参考答案： 36D37B38D39A40B
理工C
第二篇 Eta Carinae
As possibly the galaxy’s (银河) most massive star, Eta Carinae is now engaging in some very unusual behaviour. Australian astronomers, being in the Southern Hemisphere (半球), are able to observe it clearly.
In the 19th century, Eta Carinae was for a time the third brightest star in the sky. It has now become less bright so that binoculars (双筒望远镜 )are needed to see it. “It seems to be brightening and becoming less bright over a period of many years”, said Dr Bob Duncan from the Australia Telescope National Facility.
While it is not unusual for stars to vary in brightness, the period is usually much shorter. “Since 1992 it has become four times brighter, and then last year it began to drop dramatically,” he said.
The problem in observing Eta Carinae is that it has been surrounded by a cloud of gas and dust, making it hard to see the star directly. However, radio waves and infrared light (红外线)can pass through this cloud, so telescopes that receive these wavelengths can observe what is occurring.
Eta Carinae is of particular interest to astronomers because it seems to be in its death throes（剧痛）. Being so large it will end up as a supernova (超新星). There has not been a supernova in our galaxy since the invention of the telescope. While a 1987 explosion in a nearby galaxy gave astronomers plenty of valuable data, they are hungry for an even closer look.
Eta Carinae has other unique features, and is the only star known to produce an ultraviolet(紫外线)laser that is brighter than that produced by the Sun. Lasers have been observed in other frequencies from a few stars.
36.Eta Carinae is now engaging in
A.some very common behavior
B.some very dull behavior
C.some very frightening behavior.
D.some very strange behavior
37The word “period” in Paragraph 3 means the length of time
A.over which star vary in brightness
B.for which Eta carinae’s brightening lasts.
C.Eta carinae takes to become a supernova.
D.it takes the laser from Eta carinae to travel to the earth.
38Eta Carinae is hard to observe because
A.it is too far away.
B.there is too much dust and gas around it.
C.the binoculars are not powerful enough.
D.it does not send out infrared light.
39Astronomers are particularly interested in Eta Carinae because
A it is in its final stage.
B it is a supernova.
C it exploded in 1987.
D it is brighter than the sun.
40Which of the following statements about Eta Carinae is NOT true?
A.It will end up as a supernova.
B.It can be seen only through binoculars.
C.It is the only star that sends out an ultraviolet laser.
D.Its ultraviolet laser is brighter than that of the Sun.
参考答案： 36D37A38B39A40C
发表于 2025-5-15 15:42:46
