孙老师特别提示：
通过职称的三个要素
1.选择一个好的适合自己的方法
2.认真练习与总结
3.运气
一、押题---阅读与完型
二、出题人的人品
最后要做的三件事
1.牢记神表，熟练应用。
2.充分准备押题
3.淡定的应试心态。
充分准备押题
阅读----近两年的新增文章. 看看中文。
完型----各专业级别准备五篇
牢记神表，熟练应用。
很多人在做题时反复地犯着同样错误，并不是因为他们没有记住-----神表！而是匆匆忙忙，慌慌张张, 心态已乱！每篇文章平均有20多分钟完成，何不气定神闲，从容面对！
职称英语考的不是英语，是悟性与心态
?? 在这个世界上，我们永远不要过分相信技巧。也就是说，没有人可以摆脱环境而生存。当我们都面对恶劣环境的时候，就要看我们内心所酝酿的心境如何。当一个人的心境可以抵消外在恐惧的时候，这个人才成为真正的勇者，这个人的技巧才有发挥的空间。如果你的心境已经被环境挫败的时候，你做任何事情都将一事无成。
职称英语考试六大题型解题顺序
1. 第2部分：阅读判断 时间 0分钟 分数 3 分
2. 第4部分：阅读理解 时间 65 分钟 分数 ？
3. 第1部分：词汇选项 时间 15分钟 分数14 分
4. 第5部分：补全短文 时间 10分钟 分数6--10 分
5. 第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 时间 10分钟 分数3---8 分
6. 第6部分：完形填空 时间 10 分钟 分数 4--12 分
第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分) 3 - 4分
军有所不击，城有所不攻，地有所不争，将在外君令有所不受。
16. Boys usually develop bad habits when they are very young.
A. Right B. wrong C. not mentioned
17. We can only break bad habits if others tell us to do.
A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned
18. Bad habits may return when we are under pressure.
A. Right B. wrong C. not mentioned
19. Researchers were surprised by the answer that the volunteers gave in the first test.
A. Right B. wrong C. not mentioned
20. The volunteers found the test more difficult when they did it the second time.
A. Right B. wrong C. not mentioned
21. The study suggests that it is more difficult to respond what we learn first.
A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned
22. If we develop bad habits early in life , they are harder to get rid of.
A. right B. wrong C. not mentioned
● 阅读解题四大原则： 此项特别重要
4. 注意：(1) 绝对原则：有all, every, only等绝对词一般为不正确！(但不是绝对的！！)
(2) 相对原则：有may, might, can, could, likely, sometimes，some , probably……一般为正确！
第2部分：阅读判断(第16~22题，每题1分，共7分) 3分
16. The ‘Feed Me Better’ campaign targeted a healthier diet at schoolchildren.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. Everyone believed the campaign should be successful.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. The ISER is an institute that does research on pupils‘ performance in sport.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. The pupils in Greenwich said they liked the healthier meals.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. The number of pupils who asked for sick leave decreased.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. The ISER did not do a comparative study on the impact of the new diet.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. The healthier diet has helped schoolchildren improve academically.
A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned
第4部分：阅读理解(第31~45题，每题3分，共45分)
阅读理解解题程序
当你拿到一篇文章时，应按下列顺序解题：
先扫一眼文章中的中文注释。
关键词附近有中文注解或答案中有中文注解应特别注意(很可能就是答案或在附近)。
1、抓中心----如果有能力看—下最后一句
2、扫一下题干与ABCD。
3、分类解题。
1.孙老师特别提示：
第1篇很难, 2-3篇很简单,心态比技巧更重要。
2.孙老师特别提示：
有可能题干中的关键词（或答案）和文章中的关键词（或答案）会产生变化—即同义词，如“土豆”—“马铃薯”
3.用关键词在文章中按顺序找到问题的出处，可能是关键词的重复，以多个关键词的重复为准。有可能题干中的关键词（或答案）和文章中的关键词（或答案）会产生变化—即同义词，如“土豆”—“马铃薯”， “一碗豆腐”—“豆腐一碗”, a used vehicle — vehicles which are used — a second-hand vehicle, humans —people。在课文中寻找答案时也会出现同样情况，近年有增加的趋势。
Father-------- son
●about half of the women surveyed.---
women, 47% said walking was their only recreational activity
●Only about half of the 4,200
2,100
●people use every —— at home
ordinary people’s activities
● was purchased from Russia.
was once owned by Russia.
●people use every —— at home---- ordinary people’s activities
-----UK citizens’ carbon
不要把希望全部寄托在技巧上（找长的像的,查字典能读还是读一下！！！）
四. 阅读题型四大原则： 此项特别重要
1. 围着中心转 ——先读有中心词的选项, 是答案的可能性很大。
2. 先读容易的选项（读的懂的）,先读短的,从B往C读。
3. 出现多个数字，特别是阿拉伯数字时，需特别小心！
4. 注意： (1) 绝对原则：有all, every, only，always等绝对词一般为不正确！
(2) 相对原则：有may, might, can could, likely， sometimes，some , probably……一般为正确！
注意：绝对与相对原则要服从细节，即细节优先。
注意下例词为否定词 hardly no longer never..
It is wrong that….
It is a mistaken that….
Little, few, never, no longer
There is little water in the cup.
There are few students in the classroom.
(3) 关键词附近有中文注解或答案中有中文注解应特别注意(很可能就是答案)。
(4)如果多个细节都有可能，选择有概括性的,结论性的。
五. 如何抓住文章和句子的重心：
1. 围着中心转-----中心 ( 第一句), 第一句(如是否定应在第二句)。第二句出现but，“：”, “…….”，— (破折号)，today，this day，now，so，yet，therefore，however，new…..应在第二句。第一段中有上述词也应特别注意。结论（最后一句）。
2. 注意段落结构---段落中心(段落第一句),段落结论（段落最后一句）。
3. 第二段—第一句是 but，“：”, “…….”，— (破折号)，today，this day，now，so，yet，therefore，however，new…..中心应在第二段。
4. 注意连词 -------- but，“：”, “…….”，— (破折号)，today，this day，now，so，yet，therefore，however，new , that….
5. 注意主从句 --- ●宾语从句看从句
●状语从句看主句
●定语从句—看主句(先行词与从句看懂一个就行)
6. 并列疑问句或在一段中并列地名、人名、国名、一般最后一个为重心。并列多个形容词修饰名词，最后一个为重心。（即最接近名词的）
4.孙老师特别提示：
近年有增加的趋势
Another good title for this passage would be
An Essential Scientific Process（理工C）
All life on the earth depends upon green plants. Using sunlight, the plants produce their own food. Then animals feed upon the plants. They take in the nutrients the plants have made and stored. But that’s not all. Sunlight also helps a plant produce oxygen. Some of the oxygen is used by the plant, but a plant usually produces more oxygen than it uses. The excess oxygen is necessary for animals and other organisms to live.
地球上所有的生命都依靠绿色植物生存。植物利用阳光制造自己的食物，而动物则以植物为食，它们吸收植物制造和储存的营养物质。但是植物能做的还不仅仅这些，它们还能利用阳光产生氧气 ，这些氧气的一部分被植物自身消耗了，但植物消耗的氧气量远小于它们产生的氧气，这些多余的氧气对于动物以及其他生物体的生存是至关重要的。
The process of changing light into food and oxygen is called photosynthesis. Besides light energy from the sun, plants also use water and carbon dioxide. The water gets to the plant through its roots. The carbon dioxide enters the leaves through tiny openings called stomata. The carbon dioxide travels to chloroplasts, special cells in the bodies of green plants. This is where photosynthesis takes place. Chloroplasts contain the chlorophylls that give plants their green color. The chlorophylls are the molecules that trap light energy. The trapped light energy changes water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and a simple sugar called glucose.
Carbon dioxide and oxygen move into and out of the stomata. Water vapor also moves out of the stomata. More than 90 percent of water a plant takes in through its roots escapes through the stomata. During the daytime, the stomata of most plants are open. This allows carbon dioxide to enter the leaves for photosynthesis. As night falls, carbon dioxide is not needed. The stomata of most plants close. Water loss stops.
If photosynthesis ceased, there would be little food or other organic matter on the earth. Most organisms would disappear. The earth’s atmosphere would no longer contain oxygen. Photosynthesis is essential for life on our planet.
如果光合作用停止的话，地球上将不会再有食物或其他有机物质，大多数生物体都会消失，地球的大气中的氧气 也将消失。光合作用对于地球上的生命来说是至关重要的。
五. 如何抓住文章和句子的重心：
1. 围着中心转-----中心 ( 第一句), 第一句(如是否定应在第二句)。第二句出现but，“：”, “…….”，— (破折号)，today，this day，now，so，yet，therefore，however，new…..应在第二句。第一段中有上述词也应特别注意。结论（最后一句）。
2. 注意段落结构---段落中心(段落第一句),段落结论（段落最后一句）。
练习：
1．In the first paragraph，the word “excess” means .
A heavy.
B extra.
C green.
D liquid.
注释：无法直接在词典中查到答案。查四次能得分
2．Which of the following does not move through a plant’s stomata?
A Carbon dioxide.
B Water vapor.
C Oxygen.
D Food.
3．In the title, the term Essential Scientific Process refers to .
A photosynthesis.
B the formation of glucose.
C global warming.
D water getting to the roots of plants.
4．This passage is primarily developed by .
A explaining a process.
B telling a story.
C comparing and contrasting.
D convincing the reader of plants’ importance.
5．Another good title for this passage would be .
A Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide.
B Plants and Their Roots.
C How Photosynthesis Works.
D Why Our Earth Needs Water.
致力于一级建造师、二级建造师、造价工程师、职称英语、中级经济师等培训；
孙老师特别提示：
最好的方法，也只是别人的理论，将其转化为自己的思想需大量的练习，但这种练习应该是在正确理论指导下进行。也就是我们常说的用“心”练。课堂里我们将提供一张阅读理解应试技巧表，并对其进行详细讲解和实战练习。
孙老师语录：
一件事经历了不总结——过程，
一件事经历了总结了——经验，
把众多的经验积累起来，就是你的智慧和财富。
● Mistakes?are?an?essential?part?of?education.
----------Bertrand?Russell,?British?philosopher
从错误中吸取教训是教育极为重要的一部分。
----------英国哲学家 罗素 .?B.
查字典要领
1. 当在字典词条中发现两个都有时，一般选前面的词。
2. 查不到时注意同一单词的不同词性。
3. 如果查不到，只有逐一查(如时间较紧，也可选择放弃或最后补查)。
4. 动词过去式与过去分词去掉ed(d)。
5. 动词现在分词去掉ing加e查。
6. 特别小心abcd选项与划线部分中出现动词的过式及过去分词的不规则变化。
第5部分：补全短文(第46~50题，每题2分，共10分)
可以用于选择答案的逻辑关系
1.段落代词的重复
●男人名 —— He his
●女人名 —— She her
●同样人称代词找同样人称代词。
you——you He — He him
●两个人名或物品的名词 — They
●东西 — it
●人名与代词的逻辑关系。
Mary — she Tom — he Mary and Tom — they
2.地名的重复，时间及数字的重复
3.时态的逻辑关系
4.单复数的逻辑关系
5.并列的逻辑关系
如： ？？？问句的并列 ing, ing , ing 的并列等…。
6.单词的重复——以多为主6.单词的重复—以重复多为主(在相同名词的情况下，特别注意名词前有无定冠词及逻辑关系)
7.段落逻辑意思上的重复。
8.如是某某人说，注意引号的逻辑关系, 如：Tim said‘…’, ‘…’ Tim said ‘…’, Tim said ‘…’。
9.在短语中寻找上述重复词时,要注意参考位置,一般第一参考位在该空之前,第二参考位在该空格之后,第三参考位在该段段首。
查找重复词及逻辑关系时参考顺序如图所示：
第三参考位置 ………………………………………………………………….
第一参考位置____1_____第二参考置 …………………………….
Do You Have a Sense of Humor? 8分
Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically, mentally, emotionally, and spiritually. In fact every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive, healing way. So how can we get more laughter into our lives? E. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor? (46) Psychologist and author, Steve Wilson, has some answers.
Many people believe that we are born with a sense of humor. They think, “either you've got it, or you don't” Dr.Wilson points out that this is false. B. What is true, however, is that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smile. (47)
The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth. A. However, that does not mean that infants have a sense of humor. (48) (After all, when a baby laughs ,we don't rush over and say.” That! Kid has a great sense of humor!”A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a lifetime.
Sometimes people think that they don't have a good sense of humor because they are not good juke tellers. Dr.Wilson reminds us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor. F. He advises us to lose our inhibitions (抑制) and try to laugh at ourselves. (49) Then we will make others laugh, too.
A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and able to see the funny side of everyday life. One of the best definitions of a sense of humor is “the ability to see the non serious element in a situation”. Consider this sign from a story window. Any faulty merchandise will be cheerfully replaced with merchandise of equal quality. The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with the store's excellent service. C. He had a serious purpose, but if you have s sense of humor, you will probably find the sign funny! (50) As Dr.Wilson says, “a good sense of humor means that you don't have to be funny; you just have to see what's funny”.
A. However, that does not mean that infants have a sense of humor.
B. What is true, however, is that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smile.
C. He had a serious purpose, but if you have s sense of humor, you will probably find the sign funny!
D. Everyone experiences this emotion.
E. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?
F. He advises us to lose our inhibitions (抑制) and try to laugh at ourselves.
The Day a Language Died
When Carlos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too. Westez, more commonly known as Red Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language. Catawba. Anyone who wants to hear the songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C, where, back in the 1940s, Red Thunder Cloud recorded a series of songs for future generations. C. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart. (46) They are all that is left of the Catawba language. The language that people used to speak is gone forever.
We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the world’s ecology（生态）. However, few people are aware of the impact widely spoken languages have on other languages and ways of life. English has spread all over the world. Chinese, Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages, as well. F. As these languages become more powerful. they use as tools of business and culture increase. (47) When this happens, hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few die out.
Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world, but more than half of them could die out within the next 100 years. There are many examples, Araki is a native language of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba, Araki will soon disappear. Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each one has only a few speakers. A. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction. (48) In the Americas, 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speakers, also are dying out.
Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue. D. However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma where he learned the language. (49) The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and the language is dead.
What does it mean when a language disappears? When a plant or insect or animal species dies, it is easy to understand what we’ve been lost and to appreciate what this means for the balance of the natural word. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder Cloud, must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and terrible as being the last surviving member of a dying species. E. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world. (50)
A. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different languages, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction（灭绝）.
B. These languages don‘t have many native speakers.
C. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart.
D. However, he was a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carcinoma, where he learned the language.
E. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.
F. As these languages become more powerful. they use as tools of business and culture increases.
第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23~30题，每题1分，共8分)
Body Language in the United States 8分
1. Most people shake hands and make eye contact when they meet people for the first time. Among very good friends, a woman may give another woman a little hug, and a man may kiss a woman quickly on the cheek. Males don’t usually hug one another: however, this is changing. Men usually shake hands with the right hand. Sometimes they use the left hand to either cover the handshake or lightly hold the other person’s arm. This shows greater warmth and friendship. Most people wave hello or good-bye by extending the arm palm facing outward, and twisting the hand al the wrist. Another way is to raise the arm, palm outward, and move the whole arm and hand back and forth. This is important to know because in many other countries, the same movements mean “no”.
2. When people are waiting in a public place, such as the post office, they usually form lines. Some people get angry and complain if someone pushes their way into a line or jumps ahead of other people. Moreover, many women like men to open doors for them. They also like men to give up their seats on public transportation. However, some women do not like this type of behavior. They feel that men and women should be treated in the same way.
3. In the United States, it’s important to make direct eye contact in business and social situations. If you don’t make eye contact, people will probably think that you are bored or not interested. If there is silence in these situations, people usually try to make conservation. Periods of silence make many people uncomfortable. People in the United States usually stand about one arm’s length away from each other while talking or standing together. This space is called “the comfort zone”.
4. In the United States, mothers sometimes show that they are angry with children by shaking an index finger at them. People may show that they like children by patting them on the top of the head.
A. Body language in public places
B. Impolite body language
C. Body language in business and social life
D. Body language for greeting and good-bye
E. Use of silence
F. Body language with children
23. Paragraph 1______ D
24. Paragraph 2______ A
25. Paragraph 3______ C
26. Paragraph 4______ F
参考答案：D、A、C、F
A. a business meeting
B. line of people
C. her kids
D. the handshake
E. long period of silence
F. public transportation
27. When men shake hands, they sometimes use the left hand to cover __ D. _ the handshake ____
28. Some women don’t want men to give up their seats on __ F. _ public transportation ____
29. People usually make eye contact with each other during __ A. __ a business meeting ___
30. An angry mother sometimes shakes an index finger at ___ C. her kids ____
参考答案：D、F、A、C
关于完型填空
1.完型在所有考试中都是最难的。
2.今年是否会出原题？
3.一旦不是原题如何应对？
完型的几点设想
1.是否有时间应用下列方法？
2.您是否认识词汇？
3.本方法不适合所有完型,规律性差,对大多职称考生实用性不强。
完型解题技巧
1.1.扫一下文章中的中文。
2.读题目及笫一段,抓住文章中心及本文重点词汇(同意词)。
3.围着中心去选词。(本文重点词汇同意词)
4.注空格前后有无与选项重复的单词,或同意及反意的单词。
第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分) 12分
Musical Training Can Improve Communication Skills
American scientists say musical training seems to improve communication skills and language retardation（延迟）. They found that developing musical skills involves the ______ (51) process in the brain as learning how to speak. The scientists believe that could ______ (52) children with learning disabilities.
Nina Krauss is a neurobiologist at Northwestern University in Illinois. She says musical training ______ (53) putting together different kinds of information, such as hearing music, looking at musical notes, touching an instrument and watching other musicians. This ______ (54) is not much different from learning how to speak. Both involve different senses.
She further explains musical training and learning to ______ (55) each make us think about what we are doing. She says speech and music ______ (56) through a structure of the nervous system called the brain stem. The brain stem ______ (57) our ability to hear. Until recently, experts have thought the brain stem could not be developed or changed. ______ (58) Professor Krauss and her team found that musical training can improve a person's brain stem activity.
The study involved individuals with different levels of musical ______ (59). They were asked to wear an electrical device that measures ______ (60) activity. The individuals wore the electrode while they watched a video of someone speaking and a person playing a musical instrument — the cello（大提琴）. Professor Krauss says cellos have sound qualities similar ______ (61) some of the sounds that are important with speech. The study found that the more years of training people had, the more ______ (62) they were to the sound and rhythm of the music. Those who were involved in musical activities were the same people in whom the ______ (63) of sensory events was the strongest. It shows the importance of musical training to children with learning ______ (64). She says using music to improve listening skills could mean they ______ (65) sentences and understand facial expressions better.
51. A. same B. unique C. different D. strange
52. A. tell B. remind C. help Improve D. entertain
53. A. shapes B. relates C. involves D. enhances
54. A. form B. step C. point D. process
55. A. play B. sing C. think D. speak
56. A. pass B. use C. look D. put
57. A. develops B. controls C. assesses D. observes
58. A. So B. But C. Moreover D. As
59. A. ability B. instruments C. types D. contact
60. A. physical B. musical C. brain D. speech
61. A. as B. to C. of D. at
62. A. sensitive B. familiar C. inactive D. critical
63. A. reduction B. interference C. improvement Improve D. implication
64. A. styles B. interests C. approaches D. disabilities
65. A. read B. hear C. write D. change
What We Take from and Give to the Sea
As long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.
We take fishes from the ocean - millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to ________ (51) millions of people. We even ________ (52) their bones for fertilizer. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to ________ (53) seawater in shallow basin and leave until it evaporates（蒸发）. Along with salt, other minerals are left ________ (54) evaporation. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too. But the sea does not give them ________ (55) by simple evaporation. ________ (56) gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges（海绵）and seaweed. Pearls ________ (57) jewelry. Natural sponges become cleaning aids. Seaweed becomes ________ (58) of many kinds - even candy, and ice cream - as well as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another ________ (59) from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. Some of its contents may ________ (60) illness. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are ________ (61). In the future, we will find ourselves ________ (62) more and more on fresh water from the sea.
The sea ________ (63) us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. We pollute the ocean ________ (64) we use it as a garbage dump. Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. ________ (65) garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.
51. A. attract B. feed C. save D. affect
52. A. use B. buy C. treat D. have
53. A. flow B. pour C. place D. throw
54. A. after B. before C. until D. for
55. A.in B. away C. up D. over
56. A. Such B. Other C. All D. Another
57. A. change B. make C. turn D. become
58. A. food B. material C. item D. product
59. A. source B. thing C. gift D. matter
60. A. cure B. cause C. experience D. catch
61. A. done B. dried C. made D. removed
62. A. depending B. costing C. working D. paying
63. A. gets B. gives C. teaches D. obtains
64. A. because B. if C. when D. although
65. A. Reducing B. Collecting C. Removing D. Casting
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